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The South Whale Fishery - file 1

From Dan Byrnes

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The citation for these listings is:

The Samuel Enderby Book, Whaling Documents 1775-1790. (Originals held at the Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1300 Locust St., Philadelphia, PA. USA. Canberra, Australian National Library, Petherick Collection of Manuscripts, Ms 1701. Used by permission).

These listings will be better-annotated in a short while - ship names will be rendered in italics - Ed

The Samuel Enderby Book

1786...below...... 1786..... 1786...... 1786........1786

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Atlantic, Capt. H. Delano,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Friendship, Capt. W. Goldsmith,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Greenwich, Capt. J. Locke,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Sandwich, Capt. T. Shields,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Swift, Capt. S. Paul,

Mills and Co., London, Young Samuel, Capt. A. Avery,

Bell and Co, London, Columbus, Capt. T. Leaf,

Curling and Co., London, Dolphin, Capt. A. Swain,

Montgomery and Co, London, Nimble, Capt, T. Gardner,

Hammett and Co., London, Hammett, Capt. B. Clark,

Lucas and Co., London, Lucas, Capt. J. Aikin,

Lucas and Co., London, Ranger, Capt. M. Swain,

Lucas and Co., London, Astrea, Capt. C. Horner,

Lucas and Co., London, Spencer, Capt. E. Bunker,

St. Barbe and Co., London, Stormont, Capt. J. Bennet,

Dudman and Co., London, Swift, Capt. B. Ray,

Curling and Co., London, Experiment, Capt. W. Lucas,

Calvert and Co, London, Spy, Capt. J. Brown,

Mangles and Co, London, Ann Delicia, Capt. J. Atkinson,

St. Barbe and Co. London, Jackall, W. Aikin,

Champion and Co., London, Triumph, Capt. D. Coffin,

Champion and Co., London, Prince Of Wales, Capt. S. Coffin,

Hall and Co., London, Tiger, Capt. T. Wier,

Mount and Co., London, Gen. Elliott, Capt. G. McCorkill,

Montgomery, London, Diana, Capt. M. Sparrow,

Hattersby, London, Chaser, Capt. S. Swift,

Bennet and Co., London, Lively, Capt. W. Barnett,

Mather and Co., London, Ulysses, Capt. T. Anderson,

Mills and Co., London, Young Samuel, Capt. A. Avery,

Yorke, London, New Hope, Capt. T Kellman (Helpman?),

Stainforth, London, Phoenix, Capt. T. Melville,

Hall and Co., London, Attempt, Capt. McCormack,

Hall and Co., London, Audacious, Capt. Loveday,

Hall and Co., London, Saucy Ben, Capt. W. Raven,

Mather and Co., London, Nimrod, Capt. Horton, lost,

Teast and Co., Bristol, Aurora, Capt. T. (J) Banfield,

??????(Not given) Liverpool, Quaker, Capt. S. Keene,

Bell, Hull, Albion, Capt. Storey,

I all, 38 ships out. ::::::::::::::::::::: // 1786-7: (AGE Jones) Average size of vessel in the fishery is 233 tons. 1786-87: (AGE Jones) London sends 47 vessels into the whale fishery, Liverpool 1, Bristol 1, Plymouth 1.

Ship Prince of Wales. From Portsmouth, owner James Mather, Cornhill merchant, (Whaler?); May, 1787; First Fleet. Contractor William Richards Jnr. Capt. John Mason (decd) replaced by Samuel Moore. Prince of Wales. Transport. 350 tons. Owned James Mather of Cornhill: Merchant and South Whaler. EI Co Charter. Built Thames 1786. Launched Aug 12 by Christopher Watson and Co. Capt. John Mason. Died. Then Capt. Samuel Moore. To Richards. 4228 pounds. not chosen yet. PJ: Jan 26, 1788. Home via Cape Horn, Rio. Sailed later from London. Bateson.

Prince of Wales, of the First Fleet to Australia, Capt. John Mason. Convict transport, 350 tons. Mason died, being replaced by Samuel Moore on the voyage home. To Richards, £4603/15/11. Built Thames in 1786. Launched 12 August after building by Christopher Watson and Co. Departed Sydney to be in England via Cape Horn and Rio, reaching Falmouth on March 22, 1788, Deptford April 30. Owned by James Mather, probably whaler, merchant of Cornhill. Vessel later continued to sale out of London. (This Prince of Wales was a different ship to the whaler indicated in an appendix to Stackpole's book, Whales And Destiny - for 1794.

The South Whalers 1786-1787 as they searched for new whaling grounds had become interested in the Pacific but first had to find a way to stave off the rights, powers and privileges of the East India Company over certain Pacific waters. It appears that between George Mackenzie Macaulay, Anthony Calvert and John St Barbe, the latter being friends with the Enderby whalers, there were formed political connections which helped ensure the Pacific would become open forever. It may have seemed a simple ploy that whaling ships sailed into the Pacific carrying convicts. The suggestion then is that London men, seeing ways for some of them to profit personally, interested themselves in the resumption of transportation and thereby assisted a government measure ...

Whalers from Samuel Enderby Book.

1787...below.......1787...........1787............1787.........

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Kent, Capt. P. Pease,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Rasper, Capt. M. Gage,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Friendship, Capt. W. Goldsmith,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Greenwich, Capt. J. Locke,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Sandwich, Capt. J. Shields,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Atlantic, Capt. H. Delano,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Swift, Capt. G. Hales (Dales?)

S. Enderby and Sons, London, British Queen, Capt. S. (T?) Paul,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Ranger, Capt. M. Swain,

Lucas and Co, London, Fox, Capt. R. Jones,

Lucas and Co, London, Liberty, Capt. T. Clark,

Lucas and Co, London, Waterford Packet, Capt. Barret,

Lucas and Co, London, Lucas, Capt. J. Aikin,

Lucas and Co., London, Astrea, Capt. C. Horner,

A and B. Champion, London, Adventure, Capt. E. Pinkham,

A. and B. Champion, London, Lord Hawkesbury, Capt. Delano,

A and B Champion and Co, London, Triumph, Capt. D. Coffin,

Etches and Co, London, Duke of York, Capt. Woolf, lost

Thornton and Co, London, Queen, Capt. T. Bolton,

Hall and Co., London, Intrepid, Capt. Land,

Bennet and Co, London, Active, Capt. D. Ferguson,

Thompson and Co, London, Stormont, Capt. R. Ellis,

Hall and Co, London, Tiger, Capt. H. Barton,

Curling and Co, London, Dolphin, Capt. A. Swain,

Montgomery and Co, London, Nimble, Capt. T. Gardner,

Hattersby and Co., London, Chaser, Capt. C. Blanchford,

Bennet and Co., London, Lively, Capt. W. Barrett,

Curling and Co., London, Experiment, Capt. G. Gage,

Mills and Co, London, Young Samuel, Capt. A. Avery,

St. Barbe (Fn ) and Co., London, Southampton, Capt. W. Aikin,

Mather and Co., London, Mercury, Capt. W. Anderson,

Dudman and Co., London, Lucy, Capt. W. Bunker,

Bill and Co, London, London, Capt. Baker,

Hattersby and Co., London, Mary Anne, Capt. S. Skiff,

King and Co., London, Spy, (Spry), Capt. T. Wiers,

Mather and Co., London, Benjamin, Capt. Mather,

????? and Co, London, Friendship, Capt. Foster,

Wilton and Co., London, Good Intent, Capt. Browne,

Fitzhugh and Co., London, Roman Emperor, Capt. W. Lloyd,

Gilbert and Co. Liverpool, Quaker, Capt. S. Hopper,

Teast and Co, Bristol, Aurora, Capt. Banfield,

Yorke, Bristol, New Hope, Capt. Hillman,

Bell, Hull, Minerva, Capt. Jones, no oil,

Bell, Hull, Albion, Capt. Thurston,

T. Smith, York, Edward, Capt. Backhouse,

Samuel Enderby Book, 1788

1788...below......1788..........1788...........1788.............1788........

Ogle and Co, London, Sappho, Capt. T. Middleton,

Oliver and Co., London, Olive Branch, Capt. Crow,

Lucas and Co, London, Barbara, Capt. B. Clark,

Oliver and Co, London, Queen Charlotte, Capt. W. Lucas,

Dudman and Co., London, Swift, Capt. B. Ray,

Mount and Co., London, General Elliot, Capt. G. McCorkhill,

Lucas and Co, London, Spencer, Capt. E. Bunker,

St. Barbe and Co, London, Jackall, Capt. W. Raven,

Mather and Co., London, Ulysses, Capt. T. Anderson,

A and B Champion and Co., London, Prince of Wales, Capt. S. Coffin,

Lucas and Co, London, Fox, Capt. R. Jones,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Emilia, 278 tons, Capt. Jas. Shields, around Cape Horn,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Kent, Capt. P. Pease,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Greenwich, Capt. A. Locke,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Friendship, Capt. A. Delano,

A and B. Champion, London, Adventure, Capt. S. Keene,

Curling and Co, London, Experiment, Capt. Z. Swain,

Hall and Co., London, Mediator, Capt. H. Barton,

Hattersby and Co, London, Chaser, Capt. C. Blanchford,

Wilton and Co, London, Good Intent, Capt. Browne,

Lucas and Co., London, Ranger, Capt. M. Swain,

Wardell and Co., London, Active, Capt. D. Ferguson,

Thompson and Co., London, Stormont, Capt. R. Ellis,

Lucas and Co, London, Lucas, Capt. Jona. Aikin,

Bennet and Co., London, Lively, Capt. W. Barnet,

Foster and Co., London, Friendship, Capt. Foster,

Mather and Co., London, Benjamin, Capt. Mather,

Montgomery, London, Nimble, Capt. T. Gardner,

Thornton and Co., London, Queen, Capt. T. Bolton,

Hattersby and Co., London, Harpy, Capt. Inskip,

King and Co., London, Spry, Capt. W. Fitch,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Sandwich, Capt. M. Gage,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Swift, Capt. G. Hales,

Jas. Mather and Co., London, Mercury, Capt. W. Anderson,

Lucas and Co., London, Elizabeth and Margaret, Capt. Hopper,

A and B Champion and Co., London, Lord Hawkesbury, Capt. T. Delano,

Curling and Co., London, Nancy, Capt. A. Avery,

Yorke, Bristol, New Hope, Capt. T. Melville,

Teast and Son, Bristol, Aurora, Capt. Butler,

Bell, Hull, Minerva, Capt. Hutchinson,

T. Smith, Hull, Edward, Capt. Ja. Bernie,

Fiott and Co, Jersey, Hero, Capt. Mayhen,

Sanders and Co., Southampton, Elizabeth, Capt. Aldridge,

St. Barbe and Co., Southampton, Southampton, Capt. W. Aikin,

Bunch, Liverpool, Angus, Capt. J. Meader,

+++++++++++++++++++

1789...below......1789...........1789...........1789............1789........

Samuel Enderby and Sons, London, Atlantic, Capt. J. Basset, 222 tons,

Wrangham and Co, London, Roman Emperor, Capt. W. Lloyd,

Wrangham and Co, London, Thomas, Capt. S. Montague,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, British Queen, Capt. W. Goldsmith,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Hero, Capt. W. Folger,

Curling and Co, London, Dolphin, Capt. A. Swain,

A. and B. Champion, London, Venus, Capt. D. Coffin,

Mellish and Co, London, Aurora, Capt. B. Ramsdell,

Dudman and Co., London, Lucy, Capt. W. G. Dyer,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Rasper, Capt. H. Delano,

Lucas and Co., London, Astrea, Capt. C. (E?) Horner,

King and Co., London, Spry, Capt. W. Fitch,

Mather and Co., London, Belisarius, Capt. T. Anderson,

Bill and Co, London, London, Capt. W. Baker,

Wilton and Co, (Wilson?), London, Good Intent, Capt. S. Coleman,

St. Barbe and Co, London, Jackall, Capt. W. Raven,

Curling and Co, London, Dispatch, Capt. Z. Swain,

Yorke, London, New Hope, Capt. P. Yorke,

Lucas and Co, London, Lucas, Capt. S. Smith,

Lucas and Co, London, Liberty, Capt. T (F?) Clark,

Lucas and Co., London, Ranger, Capt. M. Swain,

S. Enderby and Sons, London, Friendship, Capt. T. Melville,

Hattersby and Co., London, Chaser, Capt. W. Blanchford,

Metcalfe and Co., London, Morse, Capt. R. Mills,

Paul and Co., London, Queen Charlotte, Capt. S. Paul,

Wilson (Wilton?) and Co., London, Hope, Capt. W. Bunker,

Curtis and Co., London, Anne Delicia, Capt. J. Fitch,

Lucas and Co., London, Spencer, Capt. E. Bunker,

Yorke, London, Loyalist, Capt. J. Dagger,

Mather and Co., London, Mercury, Capt. W. Anderson,

Curling and Co., London, Fanny, Capt. A. Avery,

Bennet and Co., London, Tamurlane, (?), Capt. W. Simpson,

A and B. Champion, London, Lord Hawkesbury, Capt. S. Coffin,

Mather and Co., London, Benjamin, Capt. Mather,

Bennet and Co., London, Lively, Capt. W. Barnet,

Montgomery, London, John and Susannah, Capt. B. Coleman,

Simes ????? London, Good Intent, Capt. G. McCorkhill,

Lucas and Co., London, Fox, Capt. R. Cook,

Preston and Co., London, Mentor, Capt. W. Lucas,

Thompson and Co., London, Stormont, Capt. R. Ellis,

Jordan and Co., London, Lively, Capt. T. Todrig,

St. Barbe and Co., Southampton, Capt. A. Muirhead,

Le Mesurier, Guernsey, Guernsey Libby, Capt. H. Folger,

Teast and Son, Bristol, Aurora, Capt. Butler,

Hurry and Co., Yarmouth, Sparrow, Capt. W. Clark,

Hurry and Co., Yarmouth, Trelawney, Capt. C. Clark,

1789: (AGE Jones) Samuel Enderby have ten ships in the Fishery. D. Bennet has two.

::::::: Finis this file, ::::::::

References other:

Dan Byrnes, '"Emptying The Hulks": Duncan Campbell and the First Three Fleets to Australia’, The Push From The Bush: A Bulletin of Social History, No. 24, April, 1987., pp. 2-23.

Dan Byrnes, 'Outlooks for the English South Whale Fishery, 1782-1800, and the "great Botany Bay debate"', The Great Circle, Vol. 10, No. 2, October 1988., pp. 79-102.

Dan Byrnes, 'The Blackheath Connection: London Local History and the Settlement at New South Wales, 1786-1806', The Push, A Journal of Early Australian Social History, No. 28, 1990., pp. 50-98.

Dan Byrnes, ‘Commentary’, to Wilfrid Oldham, Britain’s Convicts to the Colonies. Sydney, Library of Australian History, 1990.

W. J. Dakin, Whalemen Adventurers in Southern Waters. Sydney, Angus and Robertson, 1977. [Angus and Robertson Non-Fiction Classics Edition]

1789: Dakin, Whalemen Adventurers, introduction: Just after Enderbys (August 1788) had fitted up Emilia, they wrote to George Chalmers again that the ship would seek whales on the Spanish Coast (of west South America). "On the success of our ship depends the Establishment of the Fishery in the South Pacific Ocean, as many owners have declared they shall wait till they hear whether our ship is likely to succeed there, if she is successful, a large Branch of the Fishery will be carried on in those seas" ,.. By now, 1789, (Byrnes feels), the London-based whalers were moving simultaneously into the Pacific from both east and west.

K. M. Dallas, ‘The first settlements in Australia: considered in relation to sea-power in world politics’, pp. 39-49 in Ged Martin, (Ed.), The Founding of Australia: The Argument about Australia’s Origins. Sydney, Hale and Iremonger, 1978.

K. M. Dallas, Trading Posts or Penal Colonies: The Commercial Significance of Cook’s New Holland Route to the Pacific. Hobart, Fuller’s Bookshop, 1969.

Anthony Dickinson, ’Some Aspects of the Origin and Implementation of the Eighteenth Century Falkland Islands Sealing Industry’, International Journal of Maritime History, Vol. 1, No. 2, 1990., pp. 33-68.

June 7, 1786, - A Dickinson, Falklands sealing, p. 59 - British sealing more important after passage of an Act for the Encouragement of the Southern Whale Fishery, (Act 26 Geo III c. 50). There were then 28 vessels in the SWF.

The Samuel Enderby Book, Whaling Documents 1775-1790. (Originals held at the Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1300 Locust St., Philadelphia, PA. USA. Canberra, Australian National Library, Petherick Collection of Manuscripts, Ms 1701. Used by permission).

A. G. E. Jones, ‘The British southern whale and seal fisheries, Part 1’, The Great Circle, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1981., pp. 20-29; Part 2, Vol 3, No. 2, October 1981., pp. 99-102.

A. G. E. Jones, 'British sealing on New South Shetland, Part 2', The Great Circle, Vol. 7, No. 2, October 1985., pp. 74-87.

A. G. E. Jones, Ships employed in the South Seas Trade, 1775-1861 [Parts 1 and 2]: plus A Registrar General of Shipping and Seamen, transcripts of Registers of Shipping, 1787-1862 [Part 3] Canberra, Roebuck, 1986.

Eduoard A. Stackpole, Whales and Destiny, The Rivalry between America, France, and Britain for Control of the Southern Whale Fishery, 1785-1825. University of Massachusetts Press, 1972.

June 7, 1786, Stackpole p. 82, Passage of the Fishery Bill in Parliament, 26 Geo III c. 50, for the encouragement of the SWF.

Margaret Steven, Trade, Tactics and Territory: Britain in the Pacific, 1783-1823. Carlton, Victoria, Melbourne University Press, 1983.

1786, June 7: Steven Trade, Tactics and Territory, p. 75: Stackpole, p. 82. Whalefishery Bill passed. 26 Geo III, c.50. Only two members spoke against it. Premiums for the South whalers were established.

The Will of Samuel Enderby Snr. (1720-1797), PROB 11/1297. The will of John St Barbe (1742-1816), PROB/11/1577.

1786 and later, Mary Hayley's activities sealing detailed by A Dickinson, Falklands sealing, dealing with American mariners, pp. 56-57.

26 August,1798 - Dawson, Banks Letters - Shortly, in 1789, Enderby's researched the Pacific waters off the west coast of South America, by Peru, up from Cape Horn. The first English whaler for the South Fishery going by that route was Enderby's Emilia, Capt. James Shields, sent out to the south-eastern Pacific for research, by western South America. Even before getting Emilia ready, Enderby's had written to Sir Joseph Banks (August 26, 1786) asking if Juan Fernandez was settled? Was there any risk of a ship being detained by the Spanish? Were any sperm whales about Cape Horn? Were any charts available? Did Sir Joseph desire anything about the African Coast? (There was a charming humility about the chieftains of the fishery asking the great scientist for such fundamental information for their whaling industry.)

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